Pages

Tuesday 26 November 2013

Background / overview




This blog is about an art project I carried out in 2010-2011. I did quite a bit of work for it, both in terms of research and the project itself, but it remains unfinished. It's about the Blacky test, a psychological test from the 1950's which was based around Freudian concepts (the id, ego, sibling rivalry etc). I was interested in exploring the relationship between an image and  interpretation, and also interested in the possibilities and meaning of psychological testing.  I was particularly interested in the mechanics of testing, particularly tests using visual and/or three-dimensional material to elicit responses (as far as I know the bulk of testing instruments in psychology are verbal / textual).

Different sections here explain a bit more about:

the mechanics of my project

the images made by participants

background information on the test and other projective tests


In the early stages of research for this piece I visited the Science Museum in London to look at their collection of projective tests. (Many thanks to Dr Phil Loring from the Museum).

The mechanics of the project



This section explains how the project was carried out, how it might be developed / finished, and gives some examples of the Blacky questions and original test images.

How the project was carried out

This is the information I sent (posted) to participants (found by word-of-mouth). It explains the overall idea, and what I asked them to do. This information was sent with two cards, the blank card and a card with the questions and prompts from the ‘Blacky’ test.  There's more information on the details of the original test here


CONCEPT
This project is part of an exploration I am making about projective testing. Projective testing is one of a number of psychological techniques designed to measure personality. This project takes text from one particular test, designed in the 1950's. In the test (I can't give many details about it, in case it influences your drawings unduly) a subject is asked to look at a number of drawings. The tester asks the subject some questions, and on the basis of his / her answers, conclusions about the subject's personality traits are drawn.  In this project, I'm using the questions and asking you to make a drawing which, you believe, matches the questions.  

WHAT YOU HAVE TO DO
You have two cards (per set – if I have sent more than one set it is because I’m hoping you might do more than one drawing).  One card is blank, the other has a number of questions on it, and, in some cases, sets of possible answers.  Read the questions and answers on this card.

 What picture do you think the questions might be asked of? Please draw, on the blank card, the picture which you think the questions are asked about.

The drawing can be as complex or simple as you wish.
You don't have to be highly skilled in drawing.
You can take as little, or as much, time as you wish.

If you want, put your contact details on the back of the drawing. Or you can remain anonymous.  If you also put your email address, I can keep you informed of progress with the project. 

When you are done, return the cards to me in the envelope provided.


Managing the project and the results

Although in theory it should have been relatively simple to co-ordinate the sending and return of the cards, in practice it was tricky to manage the cards. I had to keep track of the text versions sent, and the responses back. This is a section of the organisational spreadsheet where I tried to do this (names changed to letters):

 
Name Contacted Yes No Other Sent info M F text Cartoon Set of answers Reminder Returned Image
A  yes Yes yes 7/2 M 9 (q5) and 10m (Q6) 1-4, ??
yes yes
C yes yes yes 7/2 M 3 (q3) and 1 (q4) 1-3, 1-3


D  yes yes yes 14/2 several (see below) (see below) See below)
yes yes
E  yes yes yes 9/2 f (q9) and m (q10) 10f (Q9) and 2 (Q10) ??, 1 and 3



 

Eventually, I recieved a number of cards back, with drawings. You can see some of the returned cards here.   The project is unfinished: although ongoing I've not worked on it for a while. I'd ideally like quite a few more cards back. It would also be interesting to display the work in such a way as to show the original Blacky cards, and perhaps also to invite further participation by the gallery audience.

The Blacky Images

Below is one of the images from the test. In the original test these were interpreted by the people taking the test: in my project the people taking part did not see these images. 





The Blacky Questions

In the original test, responses to the images were prompted with a number of questions for each image.   Some of the questions were multiple choice, with 3 or 4 possible answers for the subject to chose from. Others were open-ended. In my project, each person taking part was sent one such set, for example:




Q. Why is Billie covering it up?

(a) She wants to make as little mess as possible

(b) She doesn't want Mama and Papa to find out

(c) She automatically doing what he's been taught



Q. Which one of the following is Billie most concerned with here?

(a) Throwing dirt over what she did so it will be neatly covered up

(b) Relieving herself so her  system feels more comfortable  

(c) Getting rid of her anger



Q. How does Billie feel about the training she's been given?

(a) By relieving himself in the way she's been taught she now has an opportunity to show her family what a good dog she can be

(b) She feels Mama and Papa are expecting too much of her at this early stage

(c) She is very happy to have control of herself

(d) She thinks she's got Mama and Papa right where she wants them


The images / results

Here are some of the images returned by participants.    I talk a bit, below, about each, but not in a particularly deep way. I'd be very interested in any feedback on the drawings, either on their own terms or in terms of the blacky test in general or this project in particular.

The top image here shows the text sent with the image returned underneath, followed by a larger version of the image. 





In the above I particularly like the detail and the way the participant has picked up on the family situation.   I suppose the infantilised language of the text prompted the content of the image, although I didn't really think before sending that this might be the case.  I also like the dynamic character of the scene - everyone seems to have a strongly felt input into the situation.


Below follows the same structure - text and image together, then image . 


This one (above) is much more sketchy.  What I find particularly interesting is that although the text focuses on 'feeling', 'thinking' and 'guilt', the characters both look slightly frozen, as if they're keeping any feelings they might have tightly under control...
 

Below, another two following the format above.



I am very impressed by the detail and emotional content of this one! Everything is drawn in rather intense detail, particularly the contents of the 'Sex Shop'. However,  I also very much like the mixed expressions of the family: the child intently curious, the mother seemingly trying to look elsewhere and pretend she doesn't know what's going on, and the father - who knows what that pinched expression means? Disapproval?  Self-control? I also like the Tesco bag, perhaps for no other reason than the incongruous element it introduces into the narrative - the family go shopping, then take a walk home... through the red light district.


Below I've made a mistake with my gluing. No other reason for the image to be on top and the text beneath. 




I like the map-like quality of the one above. It seems, of all the images, to be the one that's the least like a picture and more like a diagram or model of the forces which seem to be hinted at in the text. Although the trees have something of a liveliness about them. 


This is the final card I got back, below:



This one I like because the characters seem very engaging. At least, there's something about the smile of the dreamer that suggests he's a pleasant sort of person, although perhaps troubled.  Mama in his dream looks quite nubile rather than maternal, but I suppose the Blacky test is testing for Freudian content... Nice linework as well, lots expressed with a great economy of means.